Train wheel clean shot blasting machine

Structural Features and Working Principle

Structural Components

1. Blasting System:Typically equipped with multiple high-power shot blasting units (usually 4-6 sets based on wheel set dimensions and processing requirements). Each unit targets specific areas—wheel tread, flange, axle surface—enabling precise directional blasting.
2. Wheel Set Support and Drive System: Comprises specialized support frames and rotary drive units to stably support the wheel set and drive its slow rotation, ensuring uniform shot blasting across all surfaces.
3. Abrasive Circulation System: Includes components such as elevators, separators, screw conveyors, and abrasive storage bins.
4. Cleaning Chamber: Constructed from welded high-strength steel plates with wear-resistant lining plates inside. This prevents abrasive impact damage to equipment while containing dust and noise emissions.
5. 5.Dust Collection System:Equipped with high-efficiency pulse dust collectors to ensure emissions meet environmental standards and protect operator health.
6. 6.Control System: Utilizes PLC control for precise adjustment of parameters including wheel set rotation speed, shot blasting duration, and shot blaster start/stop.

Working Principle

1. Position the wheel set to be processed on designated tracks to ensure accurate alignment.
2. Close the cleaning chamber door. Upon equipment startup, the wheel set rotates slowly driven by the transmission system, uniformly exposing all surfaces to the blasting zone.
3. Multiple shot blasting units activate sequentially to perform cleaning.
4. Shot is conveyed via a bottom spiral to an elevator, then elevated to a separator for screening and recycling.
5. Dust generated during operation is continuously collected and filtered by the dust collection system; purified air is discharged outdoors.
6. Upon reaching the preset shot blasting duration, the equipment automatically stops. Open the door and remove the processed wheelset using lifting equipment.

Equipment Advantages

1. Targeted and Precise Processing: Specifically designed for wheelset structures, multiple shot blasting units precisely cover all critical areas of the wheelset. This ensures uniform treatment of complex surfaces like treads, flanges, and axles, eliminating missed spots.
2. High Efficiency & Batch Compatibility: Single-unit continuous batch processing delivers high throughput with consistent quality, meeting rail transit industry’s stringent surface standards.
3. Automated Operation & Reduced Labor: PLC-controlled automation minimizes manual intervention. Operators only handle loading/unloading and parameter monitoring, significantly lowering labor intensity.
4. Reliable Environmental and Safety Performance: The enclosed cleaning chamber combined with an efficient dust extraction system effectively controls dust and noise pollution.
5. Enhances Wheel Set Performance: Beyond surface cleaning, surface strengthening improves fatigue resistance and wear resistance, indirectly extending wheel set lifespan and ensuring operational safety for rail transit vehicles.